ADA

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Introduction

Barriers to employment, transportation, public accommodations, public services, and telecommunications have imposed overwhelming economic and social costs on individuals with disabilities in the American society. By breaking down these barriers, the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) enables society to benefit from the skills and talents of individuals with disabilities.

From accommodating sidewalk curbs to anti-discrimination protections in the workplace, the ADA has opened many doors to the disable workforce. In the workforce, the success of the ADA has affected the economy, employment practices and the employee's/employer's self worth.

Definition

The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) is a comprehensive civil rights law for people with disabilities. The ADA went into effect in 1 and it prohibits discrimination on the basis of disability against individuals with disabilities in employment, housing, education, and access to public services. ADA defines a disability as any of the following 1. ...a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more of the major life activities of the individual. . ...a record of such impairment. or . ...being regarded as having such an impairment.

Employment & Economics

According to Census survey 00 (enclosure 1), about ten percent of the United States population reports work-limiting disabilities. Nationally, about three percent of the employed population is disabled. As the U.S. labor force grows, a higher percentage of workers will have limiting disabilities. One of the objectives of the ADA was to increase employment opportunities for disabled Americans. There are forty-nine (4.7) million people with disabilities in the United States, all of whom are potential workers and consumers of products and services.

According to the census data, a large number of individuals are disabled, and if these individuals are not employed then the employment rate will be very high. Employing individuals with disabilities, lowers the unemployment rate, and at the same time affects the general economics of the country through a concept called "multiplier index." With more individuals employed, this means that there will be more money in the market place, which improves the overall economy. Having a robust economy, the employer can expect success in the market industry, because they chose to employ all qualified individuals that can perform the job.

Former president, Bill Clinton said that ...in a competitive global economy, our county doesnt have a single person to waste....I am strongly committed to full implementation and enforcement of the ADA....because...our entire nation will share in the economic and social benefits....from full participation of Americans with disabilities in our societies. An organization is in the profit making business, and in order to be productive and competitive in the arena of the product or service industry they require a qualified labor force.

A labor force is always, a leading factor of productivity in the accelerating profit curve. Advances in technology have expanded the opportunity of jobs that disabled workers could perform in the information age. A HR manager enters the job market and recruits applicants who possess the qualifications for performing the job. If a disable applicant is selected from the pool of qualified candidates, reasonable accommodation is identified if requested.

Not all employees with disabilities require any special accommodations. When accommodations are necessary, about twenty percent cost nothing, and fifty percent cost less than $500 according to Monster.com. There is a variety of national and community-based organizations that help employers identify low-cost or no-cost accommodation alternatives. Employers have always made adjustments in the workplace to accommodate the needs of non-disable employees and the same flexibility should be extended to people with disabilities.

An organization always looks for methods that will help generate a profit or decrease budget spending since some accessibility features can be costly. In order to facilitate the hiring, retention and accommodation of disabled employees, a number of tax incentives are available to employers to help offset related costs of accommodation. In short, ADA simply requires that employers figure out ways to keep disabled workers on the job or allow disabled workers to be hired like anyone else. The solution doesn't have to be expensive, and in some cases, can actually save the employer money for example

DEFICIENCY SOLUTION COST

Hearing Impaired plant Employee Telephone Amplifier $.5

Cerebral Palsy Employee Phone Headset $4.5

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Typist Ergonomically keyboards $65.00

Wheelchair Employee unable to reach height of desk Wood blocks under the desk $0.00

Another alternative is by "telecommuting." This concept allows the employee to work out of the home. In this case, the employer may only have to provide a computer to enable the employee to get the job done. Technology has increased and improved dramatically, that this alternative would generate positively to the revenue of the organization.

Although, some of the accommodations are for the disabled employees, others employees depending on the accommodation will utilize hence an organization can benefit from the direct correlation because the organization's workers' compensation costs would decrease e.g. ergonomic keyboards. Incorporation of an accessibility feature is a small price in relation to future economic benefits such as increased employment and consumer spending and decreased welfare dependency.

Improved Self Worth

Millions of Americans with disabilities want to work, and are capable of working, and can be productive members of the labor force. Disable workers have a real opportunity to experience the genuine rewards of work that would go a long way in enhancing the growth of the economy. Work in some aspects can be seen as a defining quality of an individuals self worth. Employability and having the aptitude for earning money are some measures of what it means to live and to be a part of the human race.

International Telephone and Telegraph surveyed a ,000-employee plant and found that the workers with disabilities had fewer absences than their co-workers. Surveys conducted by DuPont Corporation, the Department of Labor and other companies shows that employees with disabilities maintained safety records that equal or exceed those of their non-disabled peers, have lower turnover rates, absenteeism, and higher productivity. The bottom line is that workers with disabilities or non-disabilities have the same results because they are present to complete a job.

Workers with disabilities are motivated, capable and dependable. Another DuPont study showed almost 0 percent of workers with disabilities received good or excellent performance ratings from their managers. Working increases the independence of individuals with disabilities. It can also create challenges to personal growth and business success by focusing on the value of the differences of employees.

"Diversity" is part of the work force, and if an organization practices this concept, it can be seen as one of their greatest assets. Regardless of what product or service industry an organization competes in, a diverse employee environment relates profitability to the customers and in doing so generates increased revenue for the organization.

Allen, J. G., (1). Complying with the ADA A Small Business Guide to Hiring and Employing the Disabled. New York John Wiley and Sons Inc.

Bureau of Labor Statistics. (00). Disability Status-Census 000. Retrieved from the World Wide Web http//www.census.gov/hhes/www/disable/disabstatk/table1.

Business & Legal Reports. (00). Managing Workers with Disabilities. . Retrieved from the World Wide Web http//hr1.blr.com/article.cfm?id=4

Business & Legal Reports. (00). Resources for Hiring the Disabled. Retrieved from the World Wide Web http//hr1.blr.com/article.cfm?id=10

Diller, M., (000). Judicial Backlash, the ADA, and the Civil Rights Model. Retrieved from the World Wide Web http//www.boalt.org/BJELL/1-1/1-1-1.pdf

Herman, A.M., (001). Attitude Is Everything Employers Should Change How They Regard Workers with Disabilities. Retrieved from the World Wide Web http//equalopportunity.netscape.monster.com/articles/attitude/

Independent Connection. Using ADA in the Workplace. Retrieved from the World Wide Web http//www.ranknfile-ue.org/ic_ada.html

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