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Lisa Stephan
BIO-105-E4
October , 00
Explain the role of dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis in the formation and breakdown of organic molecules. Give examples of each.Cheap custom writing service can write essays on biomolecules
The role of dehydration synthesis in the formation of organic molecules is to fuse two monosaccharides (simple sugars) together to form a disaccharide (double sugar). This synthesis reaction is accomplished by releasing a water molecule during bond formation. As a result, a disaccharide is formed from the two monosaccharides. Example
C6 H1O6 ----- C1HO11 + HO
glucose + fructose sucrose water
The role of hydrolysis in the breakdown of organic molecules is to break the bonds of a disaccharide (double sugar) to produce its two monosaccharides (simple sugars). This decomposition process is achieved by adding a water molecule to each bond, thus, breaking the bonds and releasing the simple sugar units. This process is necessary for the disaccharide to be absorbed from the digestive tract into the blood. Disaccharides are too large to pass through cell membranes, therefore, it has to be broken down into it two sugar units for diffusion to be possible. Hydrolysis is essentially the reverse of dehydration synthesis. Example
HO + C1HO11 --- C6H1O6
water sucrose glucose + fructose
Conclusion
C6H1O6 ------dehydration synthesis------ C1HO11 + HO
-----------hydrolysis----------- #Biomolecules Identification
1. A- I would test for a monosaccharide by mixing ml of a particular solution with 6 ml of Benedict's solution in a test tube. I would then heat the test tube in a boiling water for three minutes, then let it cool. If the solution turns a yellow/orange/red color it is positive for glucose. If the solution stays blue then there is no presence of glucose.
1. B- I would test for starch by placing ml of a particular solution in a test tube. I would then add - drops of Iodine. If the Iodine turns blue/black, starch is present.
1. C- I would test lipids by placing a small amount of a solution in a test tube. I would then add several drops of Sudan IV. I would then shake the solution vigorously and set it aside for observation. When the mixture has settled I would observe for the presence of droplets. The solution is positive for lipids if it has formed pink droplets.
1. D- I would test for the presence of proteins by placing a particular solution in a test tube. I would then add 10-15 drops of Biuret solution . If the solution turns blue/violet color, proteins are present. I could also perform the same test using Nitric acid. The solution would then turn a yellow color if proteins are present.
. Sucrose is a disaccharide. To do a Benedict solution test I would have to hydrolyze sucrose into its two monosaccarides. To break it down I would put 5 ml of sucrose solution and ml of 1 M Hydrochloric Acid in a test tube. I would then heat the solution in boiling water for minutes. Then I can perform the Benedict solution
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